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UPDATE: Berkshire announced its first new investment manager on October 25: Todd Combs of Castle Point Capital. SEE ALSO COMMENTS AND STATISTICS UNDER TODD COMBS MONTHLY RETURNS.

1. Here are his picks from Gurufocus. There are some stocks on this list that Buffett would not buy, but to be fair, he's not running a long-short hedge fund.

2. Castle Point is a hedge fund funded by Stone Point Capital, the investment vehicle of Steve Friedman and Chuck Davis. Steve is former CEO of Goldman Sachs; Chuck is a former head of investment banking at Goldman and member of the investment committee as well as Vice Chairman of Marsh & McLennan. Both have long track records of making insurance investments, and Chuck is currently a director of Progressive Insurance. However, Buffett met Combs through Charlie Munger.

3. The process through which this choice was made was surprising, to say the least. As the Wall Street Journal put it, "Mr. Combs was one of hundreds of people who responded to an unconventional 'help wanted' request Mr. Buffett made in early 2007. But his initial inquiry didn't distinguish itself. Undaunted, the low-key father of three, who lives in Darien, Conn., recently sent another letter to Berkshire Vice Chairman Charles Munger asking for a meeting. Mr. Munger said in an interview that he gets 'hundreds' of such requests each year, but 'something in his request piqued my interest.' The two soon met for a lunch that extended well into the afternoon at the California Club in downtown Los Angeles. Mr. Munger later phoned Mr. Buffett and told him, 'this is a guy I am sure you are going to like,' Mr. Munger recalls. Mr. Buffett says he and Mr. Munger were sold on Mr. Combs not only because of his ability and intelligence but also because they were convinced he would fit in to Berkshire's no-fuss culture." One must ask, why weren't the other people who volunteered in 2007 considered? There were at least a couple of dozen viable candidates. Can it really be that the choice of the CIO of Berkshire turned on one person's decision to write a letter to Charlie Munger? WHAT HAPPENED TO THE FOUR CANDIDATES "WAITING IN THE WINGS" who are "immediately available" to Berkshire if needed???

4. Todd is young (39). After a short stint doing pricing at Progressive, he went to business school at Columbia. During this period, he interned at Keefe, Bruyette & Woods. Later, he worked at Copper Arch Capital for some time. Copper Arch is the Scott Sipprelle hedge fund that started the movement to oust Phil Purcell at Morgan Stanley; Copper Arch was subsequently wound down; Sipprelle is currently the Republican candidate for New Jersey's 12th Congressional district. Todd is better known among the financial service analysts on the buy and sell sides than may be discerned from reading press reports, because he came up through the ranks at a hedge fund in the usual way (i.e., relying on others as teachers). It's not my place to speak for them, but maybe some will weigh in with opinions  (see one here).

5. Based on his holdings, Todd could most accurately be described as an insurance investor who also trades other financial services stocks. However, an investor presentation is circulating that shows he is actually well-versed in bottom-up analysis of bank and other financial stocks using the kind of techniques followed at a boutique (e.g., such as KBW). Berkshire is apparently moving to a sector investing approach, either guided by a senior manager who coordinates sectors, or not (this is unclear but it appears that Todd will be in charge of everything). Some of the publicity surrounding the appointment is pretty funny ("Warren Buffett Picks His Successor: Todd Combs Set to Take Over Berkshire Hathaway" from the Daily Beast :-) ....) Undoubtedly there will be more commentary in the coming weeks, possibly with 3Q earnings letter, about how this is all going to work. 

6. BRK closed down 1.3% on a flat day for the market on this news and the following day is underperforming by another 1.3% as I write this update. As to why -- here are varying thoughts of people with whom I've connected:

     > The move means we're getting closer to a handover, and Buffett's irreplaceable;

     > Sector style asset allocation is a capitulation -- it means there is no Lou Simpson-caliber investor waiting in the wings;

     > Investors should be happy to have some clarity about who is going to run the portfolio;

     > Todd Combs is virtually unknown and the size of his portfolio is small;

     > Why did Buffett choose a young, unknown value investor when there are well-known, proven candidates who are qualified?;

     > It may be a tradeoff to get someone young enough/humble enough/open-minded enough/who's not coasting on a reputation;  

     > Berkshire may be showing signs of becoming the classic situation in which a legendary CEO chooses pedestrian successors;

     > The process has a rushed, haphazard feel and raises question of poor planning and judgment on the part of Buffett and Munger;

     > Is something going on that we don't know about? Why the rush all of a sudden?

     > Or, Todd Combs is a hidden genius who will surprise everyone, and this will turn out to be a phenomenal move on Buffett's part. Buffett has a long history of choosing people successfully for the roles in which he places them.

Accding to avionics and instrument-maker Honeywell: "The business-jet industry’s recovery may take a year longer than forecast, picking up in late 2011 and accelerating in 2012, as companies defer purchases amid doubts about the economy, Honeywell International Inc. said.

Global plane deliveries probably will fall to a range of 675 to 700 in 2010 and stay at fewer than 700 next year, down from 849 in 2009, according to Honeywell, an avionics and cockpit-instruments maker that surveyed about 1,200 corporate flight departments worldwide."

From Bloomberg.

According to a J.P. Morgan Aerospace and Defense Business Jet Monthly newsletter (October 8, 2010), the business jet market is facing a fragile recovery. It will take a long time for OEMs to rebuild backlogs to former levels. Most demand for business jets comes from the corporate market and tracks the rise and fall of corporate profits. What concerns us, specifically, is the narrower fractional segment.

The fractional aviation industry remains troubled.  J.P. Morgan notes that fractional providers are buying neither new nor used aircraft. Right now, used aircraft inventories are at peak levels and used aircraft prices are at 1997 levels. On a rolling three-month basis, fractional share sales are down 48.3% yoy. (This number is inflated somewhat by sales to former Marquis customers who are switching to NetJets.) In summary, whatever net new fractional shares occur are absorbing existing excess fleet capacity. The total fractional fleet (of which NetJets represents about 50%) is down 8% from its peak in January 2009 (= 81 aircraft).

Three years into the financial crisis, stalled purchases of new aircraft mean that the fractional fleet is aging. Fractional customers do not like to fly on older aircraft. Either meaningful growth must resume, or eventually fractional companies will be forced to buy new aircraft anyway, which will dump more used aircraft on the market, putting further pressure on resale prices.

J.P. Morgan's conclusion: "it will likely take an improved macro outlook to generate demand among potential buyers of the large number of inexpensive used jets currently available." However, J.P. Morgan's current forecast is for only a "modest increase" of new jet deliveries in 2011 following a full-year decline of 14% in 2010; its analysts' confidence in this forecasts = "visibility is limited." Eventually this logjam must break, one way or another.

 

 

 

 Rail traffic has been on fire this year, which has been cited in some quarters as a sign of economic recovery. But it is one type of rail traffic that is driving growth: intermodal. Container freight shipped via rail has risen 17.3% (in September) and 17% year-to-date through August in a startling contrast to the anemic economy.

 Rails are a key economic indicator, as long as you know what is being shipped from whom to where. (Buffett, through Berkshire’s ownership of BNSF, now has a goldmine of such information.) This week the Wall Street Journal cited Buffett’s “all-in wager on the economic future of the United States” in buying BNSF and added, “he probably should have included China too…Trade volumes driven by emerging markets, and China in particular, have helped make this a pretty good year so far for rail activity…intermodal traffic is shaping up to be as lofty as ‘Mount Everest,’ CSX Chief Financial Officer Oscar Muñoz quipped at an industry conference last month.”

 An increase in inbound rail traffic is a sign of more jobs being outsourced to China. The U.S. trade deficit surged in August, with a record gap with China as the primary cause. Rail traffic is linked closely to trade flows. For example, PIERS Global Intelligence Solutions has cited one reason for the hike in intermodal rail traffic this year as demand for imported Chinese furniture created by the one-time tax credit for U.S. home-buyers. This is certainly no indicator a vibrant economy.

 Buffett has he been pounding on risks of the U.S. trade deficit for years. Some months ago, as I wrote in this Bloomberg column, he compared China’s emerging era of ascendancy to the rise of the U.S. after World War II.

 Buffett speaks most clearly through his wallet. It was patriotic to call the BNSF purchase an “all-in wager on the U.S. economy,” but rails are an all-weather winner for any number of reasons. Infrastructure assets are havens even during a deep double-dip recession, and will prosper no matter who is selling what to whom.  I’ve argued in the past the BNSF deal was actually a bearish bet, and it still looks that way to me.

 

Seeing the Chilean miners emerge from the ground made my day (I can say that even though it's not half over). Here's video from CNN of the first three to emerge.  One of them leads a cheer for Chile. It's been inspiring to see this event turn into a proud moment for a country that has become an economic leader in a world that needs leaders.

 From Lorax: 

Alice,

 Apologies for sticking this post in the wrong place, but I don't know how to start a new topic...Way back when, I brought to your attention The Ascent of George Washington, by John Ferling. It comes to mind because Ron Chernow's new biography of Washington has just come out to rave reviews. I'm curious if you ever had a chance to read the Ferling book, and if so, what you thought of it.

Hi Lorax, I still haven't read it; I've been reading Hitch 22 and The World Is What It Is (V.S. Naipul's biography). I like contemporary memoir and biography because their willing self-disclosure often more than makes up for the lack of extensive primary sourcing. Anyway, now that Chernow is out, which would you recommend? 

Buffett Says ‘Quite Clear’ That Stocks Are Better Than Bonds

How to interpret this statement? A lot of people probably thought it was an endorsement of stocks.

Oct. 5 (Bloomberg) -- Warren Buffett, the billionaire chairman of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., said equities are a better investment than debt securities. “It’s quite clear that stocks are cheaper than bonds,” Buffett said today at Fortune magazine’s Most Powerful Women conference in Washington. “I can’t imagine anyone having bonds in their portfolio when they can own equities.”

How could anyone dispute this statement? The risk in bonds has been written about far and wide. It's more important to look at what Buffett did NOT say.

He did not:

> Recommend buying stocks;

> Compare stocks and bonds to any other alternative (such as cash; in 1H10 Berkshire continued to build cash at a rapid clip);

> Opine on the long-term returns attainable from either investment;

> Talk about why bonds are a poor investment (interest rates and government printing press) and how that is likely to play out in the future.

I would love to hear more about his opinion on all these things. It's hard to use Berkshire's own investments as an example. Buffett has fewer options when it comes to investing than you or I, and a longer time horizon than almost any of us (because he's looking decades beyond his own lifetime). What's he's saying is always relevant, but what he's not saying is relevant, too.

 

Yes, it would be great if Buffett and Gates came back from China with commitments from some Chinese billionaires to give half their wealth to charity. But every news story I've read throws cold water on this idea -- by stressing the Chinese lack of philanthropic tendencies, their clannish desire to keep to money within a family, the sheer novelty of staggering wealth in a so-recently communitarian society; in other words subtly suggests, without directly saying so, that this is about as likely to happen as Hong Kong is to return to British rule.

Paralleling the talk of low expectations for the philanthropic tour, a new rumor is circulating that Berkshire will buy some greater portion of BYD.

What are we to think of all this?

If Buffett and Gates can sow some seeds for the future, that's plenty good enough -- their philanthropic mission should be scored as a success. While it would be great if they bagged an actual pledge, Buffett is a deep believer that people have the right to do what they want with their own money (look how he defended his right to wait to give his own away for all those years). He's playing for the long game here. Ten years from now, if a dozen Chinese billionaires cite a lengthy dialogue with him and Gates as the reason they've made donations, that's better than if one person is strong-armed into doing it today.

Meanwhile, consider the psychological impact on Chinese business-owning families of meeting with Warren Buffett, who is idolized in their country. Imagine how they will feel about Berkshire Hathaway afterwards. When they're thinking about selling part of their companies, whose face will appear in their imaginations, hovering above a yuan sign?

There's probably nothing smarter Buffett could do to drum up investing opportunities for Berkshire than to go on this philanthropic tour. Is this a coincidence? No. Buffett, the master of efficiency, always has more than one reason for anything he does.

So will Berkshire buy in more of BYD? Probably. Buffett has wanted to make a Chinese acquisition, or two, or three, for a lnog time. And how Berkshire treats this investment is being closely watched in China as a test case.

 

Earlier I referenced UBS recent view on business jet market conditions but here is a more complete version. Customer interest is down and pricing is down. "Fractional weakness." As I've said before, this is a very challenging time to operate, much less turn around, a fractional aviation company.

"Index drops to 37: Our most recent Business Jet Market Index fell a further 8% to 37, the second consecutive time our index has declined and come in below 50, indicating that business jet market conditions are deteriorating. This follows a stable first half in which our Index held at 50 for three consecutive surveys and is only third time in 7+ year survey history, excluding late 2007-late 2008, that it has registered back-to-back declines. Our straight up measure of absolute business conditions came in at 3.7, virtually in line with July, although 8% lower from the recent peak in May.

"Declines in all five component scores; large cabin drops most: All five index components declined in our most recent survey relative to July. Our customer interest score dropped by 10% (to below 50), which was the most significant driver of the overall decline in our Index, followed by our pricing score, which fell 9%. By cabin class, our large-cabin index dropped the most this time by 15% to 39 (from 46) as compared to small and midsize, which came in at 33 (from 35) and 40 (from 42), respectively....Overall, we see risk of a muted recovery given significant oversupply, fractional weakness and cautious outlook for Europe."

Garry Trudeau this week did a series on an imagined confrontation between Buffett (the old new money) and hypothetical billionaire (the new new money) with Buffett trying moral suasion to convince the new new guy that a little charity wouldn't be such a bad thing. The result is hysterical because it so perfectly skewers the values of the new new money. Trudeau has come up with a fantastic term to describe one of the follies of the new new rich: "aging out"......... see following.

First strip

Second strip

Third strip

Fourth strip

Fifth strip

Sixth strip

Some of the commentary about the Giving Pledge has suggested that that Gates and Buffett may be strong-arming these people a bit. This comic strip doesn't suggest that but it does show Warren actively pursuing a hedgie. It works to get the point across, but there's no way this is happening in the real world. It's not Warren's style. Also, he believes that people have a right to do what they want with their money.

What is brilliant about the Giving Pledge is the way it uses the concept of social proof (see Cialdini, Influence). T A lot of people would like to be associated with Buffett and Gates. The bandwagon effect takes hold. There is no need for strong-arming. In Buffett's ideal world the bandwagon would proceed until the 50% bar becomes a *norm* at which point the ultra-rich would have to publicly justify departing from it. And it's possible he will get his wish.

The most interesting and exciting thing about the Giving Pledge is the way it proves that on the simplest level, social proof can raise billions of dollars for charity.